About Orb Who We Are and What We Do: Editorial Board See also contributors | technical staff BERNARD S. BACHRACH is Professor of History at the University of Minnesota. He holds a PH. D. from The University of California, Berkeley (1966). He has published widely in fields that range from the Merovingians to medieval England. Among his recent books are Fulk Nerra, the Neo-Roman Consul, 987-1040 : A Political Biography of the Angevin Count, and The Anatomy of a Little War: A Diplomatic and Military History of the Gundovald Affair (568-586). He also edited Law, Custom, and the Social Fabric in Medieval Europe: Essays in Honor of Bryce Lyon. Prof. Bachrach will serve ORB as editor of the High Medieval England section. ANTHONY F. BEAVERS earned his Ph.D. in Philosophy from Marquette University in 1990. His current research is devoted to metaphysical (and ethical) transformations in religious history from 600 BCE to 600 CE. Beavers has published papers on Aristotle, Descartes, Spinoza, Kant and Sartre. His recent book, Levinas beyond the Horizons of Cartesianism (Peter Lang, 1995), lays out the directions of his current research. He teaches courses on the development of the Catholic tradition, Greek metaphysics, and early Christian metaphysics at the University of Evansville, where he is an assistant professor. Beavers is the creator of the Ecole Initiative and one of the Religion Editors for ORB. MARVIN BRADFORD BEDINGFIELD is a doctoral candidate at Oxford and has recently completed his DPhil thesis, "Dramatic Ritual and Preaching in Late Anglo-Saxon England." His doctoral work examines identifications with biblical figures in the liturgy and the relationship of vernacular preaching to this liturgical dynamic. He is a Research Associate with the Fontes Anglo-Saxonici Project and a Lecturer in Old English for Hertford College, Oxford. He has recently published an article in Medium AEvum ("Reinventing the Gospel: AElfric and the Liturgy") and is currently working on Anglo-Saxon appreciation of post-mortem fire and on public penance in Anglo-Saxon England. He serves as Anglo-Saxon editor of ORB. CHARLES R. BOWLUS is professor of history at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. He is the author of Franks, Moravians, and Magyars: The Struggle for the Middle Danube, University of Pennsylvania Press: Philadelphia, 1995. In addition he has published widely (more than thirty articles) in journals, Festschriften, and other multi-authored volumes in Europe and North America. He has taken part in international conferences in Austria, Germany, and France, given public lectures at the universities of Mainz and Munich, and delievered papers at the annual meetings of the American Historical Association and the Medieval Academy of America. His publications range from the fifth to the fourteenth centuries and cover topics as diverse as military and environmen-tal history. He was educated at the University of Massachusetts (Ph.D, 1973) and the University of Kansas (M.A., 1970) (A.B., 1960). He will co-edit the section on Merovingians and Carolingians. JAMES W. BRODMAN is a history professor at the University of Central Arkansas. He is a specialist in medieval history, and has a particular interest in the History of Spain, the history of medieval social welfare policy, and the history of religious institutions. Currently, he serves as President of the American Academy of Research Historians of Medieval Spain. In addition, he is interested how computer technology can be applied to history, and to this end manages an Internet discussion list and a few sites on the World Wide Web. Dr. Brodman has published Ransoming Captives in Crusader Spain: The Order of Merced on the Christian-Islamic Frontier in the University of Pennsylvania Middle Ages Series, and is completing a second book on medieval hospitals and welfare policy. He has also written over a dozen articles on the subjects of medieval law, social policy and ecclesiastical institutions. He hold the Ph.D. degree from the University of Virginia. Dr. Brodman serves ORB as Editor of the sections on Spain, Portugal, and Spanish Islam. DAVID BURR is Professor of History at Virginia Tech. He holds a B.A. in English Literature from Oberlin College, a B.D. from Union Theological Seminary in New York, and a Ph.D. in Religion from Duke University. He has published three monographs on Petrus Iohannis Olivi, a monograph on transubstantiation in thirteenth-century Franciscan theology, critical editions of Olivi's works, and articles on Olivi, Scotus and Ockham. He is currently finishing a monograph on the spiritual Franciscans in the early fourteenth century. He will act as editor of the section on Latin Theology and Spirituality. RICHARD W. CLEMENT is Associate Special Collections Librarian in the Department of Special Collections, Kenneth Spencer Research Library, and Courtesy Associate Professor of English, at the University of Kansas. Educated at the universities of Wisconsin-Madison, Nevada-Las Vegas, Cambridge, and Chicago, he teaches the History of the Book and is a specialist in medieval books. He is the author of The Book in America, (1996), and over forty articles on Anglo-Saxon and medieval Latin manuscripts, Renaissance books and libraries, and other subjects related to the History of the Book. He has served as president of the Illinois Medieval Association and is co-editor of the annual journal Mediterranean Studies. Since 1983 he has been conducting hands-on scriptorial workshops on the medieval book and has lectured widely on medieval scriptorial practice. He serves as Books and Universities editor for ORB. PAUL CRAWFORD is an assistant professor of medieval and early modern history at Alma College. He earned a Ph.D. in medieval history from the University of Wisconsin-Madison (1998); his dissertation, "An Institution in Crisis: the military orders 1291-1310," dealt with the fate of the military orders in the eastern Mediterranean after the fall of Acre. He taught courses in ancient and medieval history and the history of Christianity for the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee from 1998 to 1999, and courses in ancient and medieval history for the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh from 1999 to 2001. He was a consultant to a History Channel program on the Childrens' Crusade (aired in 2000), and he is currently preparing a translation of the fourteenth-century chronicle known as "The Templar of Tyre" for Ashgate/Scolar Press. He specializes in the crusades and the military orders, and serves ORB as editor of those sections in the Encyclopedia. BERT HALL is an associate professor at the Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology at the University of Toronto. He took his Ph.D. from UCLA in 1971 and he has been at Toronto since 1977. Hall has published Health, Disease and Healing in Medieval Culture, New York: St. Martins Press 1991, (co-editor); Studies in Pre-Modern Technology and Science, Los Angeles: Undena Publications, 1976 (co-editor); The Technological Illustrations of the "Anonymous of the Hussite Wars":Codex latinus monacensis 197, Part I, Weisbaden: Reichert, 1979; and Weapons and Warfare in Renaissance Europe, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997. Recent articles include "The Didactic and the Elegant: Some Thoughts on Scientific and Technological Illustrations in the Middle Ages and Renaissance," in Brian Baigrie (ed.), Picturing Knowledge: Historical and Philosophical Problems Concerning the Use of Art in Science (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996), pp. 3-39; "Lynn White's Medieval Technology and Social Change After Thirty Years," in Robert Fox (ed.), Technological Change (London: Harwood, 1996), pp. 85-101; "Material Culture and Military History: Test-Firing Early Modern Small Arms," Material History Review, 42 (Fall, 1995), pp.101-109; and "The Corning of Gunpowder and the Use of Firearms in the Renaissance," in B. Buchanan (ed.) The Manufacture of Gunpowder: An International Perspective (Bath: University of Bath Press, 1996). PAUL HALSALL is currently working on finishing his dissertation on "Women's Bodies, Men's Souls: Sanctity and Gender in Ninth- and Tenth-Century Byzantium" at Fordham University in New York. His undergraduate degree is in history from the University of Edinburgh, and he holds a masters degree in Classical Civilization from the University of London (Birkbeck College). As well as teaching modern and medieval survey courses at Fordham, he has taught a variety of introductory and upper level courses as an adjunct at Brooklyn College and Rutgers-Newark, as well as other local colleges in the New York Area. Publications are mostly forthcoming and include an annotated translation of the Life of St. Thomais of Lesbos in the soon-to-be-published Holy Women of Byzantium, edited by Alice-Mary Talbot, and a several reviews. He has also prepared World Wide Web Pages in Byzantine Studies, Chinese Studies, as well as in more polemical areas of theology and the politics of sexuality. He is the Sources Editor for ORB. MARGARET PAINE HASSELMAN is Adjunct Assistant Professor of Humanities at Virginia Polytechnic Institute, and Adjunct Assistant Professor of Music and member of the Graduate Faculty at Radford University. She holds a Ph.D. in Musicology from the University of California at Berkeley, where she wrote her dissertation on "The French Chanson in the Fourteenth Century". She is currently teaching Medieval and Renaissance surveys in Humanities, with a special emphasis on the medieval lyric. She serves as Music Editor for ORB. NORMAN HINTON is Professor Emeritus of English from the University ofIllinois at Springfield. He received his B.A. and M.A. in English from the University of Tulsa and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin, working on Middle English language and literature under Helen White and Frederic Cassidy. He has published articles and given papers on subjects ranging from Cynewulf to Hart Crane, and from Popular Fiction to Computer Assisted Instruction. He has been a faculty member at Princeton University and St. Louis University as well as UIS. He serves as Literature Editor for ORB. KAREN LOUISE JOLLY is an assistant professor of medieval history at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, where she teaches world history and history of Christianity in addition to undergraduate and graduate courses in medieval history. She received her Ph.D. in history from the University of California at Santa Barbara in 1987, after completing an interdisciplinary Master's program on Anglo- Saxon England with the departments of English, History, and Religious Studies. Her research interests are in popular religion, specifically late Anglo-Saxon medical manuscripts. Her forthcoming book from the University of North Carolina Press, Popular Religion in Late Saxon England, examines elf- charms in the context of medicine, liturgy, and folklore. She is also involved in the theoretical debates over definitions of magic, science, and religion as historical constructs. She serves as editor of our section on Magic and Witchcraft. THOMAS K. KEEFE. It is with profound regret that ORB must announce to the academic community the passing of Professor Thomas K. Keefe on September 20, 1998. Dr. Keefe was I. G. Greer Distinguished Professor of History at Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina. He was a Chicago native who came to Appalachian in 1978 after earning his Ph.D. under Warren Hollister at the University of California--Santa Barbara. A specialist in Anglo-Norman history, Tom achieved a reputation as a scholar of the first rank on both sides of the Atlantic. He was an authority on the reign of Henry II, bringing to the study of this Plantagenet king and his sons not only the passion and skills of a classic scholar but also the latest in quantitative analysis of their reigns. He was a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society and a former Visiting Fellow at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge University. He wass the author of Feudal Assessments and the Political Community Under King Henry II and His Sons (Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1983.) His latest book, a new biography of Henry for Longman Press, is largely complete. He served as editor of the ORB section on High Medieval England. SARAH LARRATT KEEFER received her Ph.D. from the University of Toronto, studying with the late Angus Cameron, and is an associate Professor in medieval literature at Trent University in Petersborough, Ontario. She has published widely in Anglo-Saxon England, Traditio, Neophilogus, Journal of Medieval History, and Leeds Studies in English. . She has written two books (1979 and 1991) on the influence of vernacular psalm-glosses on Old English liturgical poetry. Her research interests lie in the liturgy of pre-conquest England, Old English verse and editing theory. She serves as Liturgy Editor for ORB. STUART D. LEE is the Humanities IT Support Officer for the University of Oxford Computing Services. He holds a Ph.D. in Old English Literature from King's College, University of London. His thesis was entitled, "An Edition of AElfric's Homilies on Judith, Esther, and the Maccabees." His academic activities cover a wide range of interests, a mixture of Medieval Studies (in particular Old English Prose, Aelfric, Later Anglo-Saxon scholars) and humanities computing (multimedia, the Internet). In addition to a great number of articles, he has published Electronic Text-A Coursebook (Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1995). Two other books are in progress: An Introduction to Multimedia for Academic Use, edited and co-written with Marilyn Deegan and Nicola Timbrell, (follow-up to Hypermedia and the Humanities), and an edition of AElfric's Homilies on the Old Testament Books of Judith, Esther,and the Maccabees, for Kings College London Medieval Series. Dr. Lee will serve as the Anglo-Saxon editor of ORB FELICE LIFSHITZ is an associate professor of history in the Honors College of Florida International University. She received her Ph.D. in history from Columbia University in 1988. Her book, The Norman Conquest of Pious Neustria: Historiographical Discourse and Saintly Relics (684-1090), was published by the Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies Press, Toronto, in 1995. She has also published widely in the leading academic journals. She will serve as our Hagiology Editor and, starting in 1997, as Associate Editor of ORB. STEVEN MUHLBERGER is an associate professor of history at Nipissing University in North Bay, Ontario, Canada. He is the author of The Fifth-Century Chroniclers: Prosper, Hydatius, and the Chronicler of 452 (Leeds: Francis Cairns, 1990) and a number of articles on the Latin chronicle tradition in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages. He is also interested in the world history of democracy and the use of geographical information systems in historical research. Professor Muhlberger is a graduate of Michigan State University and received his M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Toronto. He will serve as editor for the ORB section on Late Antiquity in the Mediterranean BERNADETTE MCNARY-ZAKis an assistant professor of religious studies at Rhodes College. She received her B.A. from the University of Rochester, her M.A. from Catholic University of America, and her Ph.D. from the University of Toronto, Centre for the Study of Religion. Dr. McNary-Zakęs dissertation is entitled –Pre-Theodosian Ascetic Piety in Fourth-Century Egypt: A Study of the Ascetical Letters of Bishops and Monks.” Her areas of teaching interest are Early Christianity, Church History, Scripture, Introduction to Religious Studies, American Catholicism, World Religions and Buddhism. Prior to joining Rhodes, Dr. McNary-Zak was a lecturer at St. Bonaventure University. She serves as ORB's editor of the section on religion in Late Antiquity. LYNN HARRY NELSON is the founding father and publisher of ORB. He received his doctorate from the University of Texas (1963) and has been a member of the history department of the University of Kansas since that time. He specializes in social and economic history, particularly that of Aragon and Catalunya, and has been involved in the development of on-line history facilities since 1987. He has published widely, including monographs on the Welsh and Western Roman frontiers, translations of Latin sources from Spain and Flanders, collections of source readings in world history, western civilization, and east Asia. He is owner and manager of several discussion lists, including mediev-l, the award-winning information servers Kansas Heritage, Carrie: an Electronic Library, and History: WWW Virtual Library,as well as Kansas, the original home of ORB. TERESA P. REED is assistant professor of English at Jacksonville State University in Jacksonville, Alabama. She received her Ph.D. in English from the University of Florida in 1996 and has been teaching at JSU ever since. Her dissertation, directed by R.A. Shoaf, Alumni Professor of English, University of Florida, was entitled "Reading Contingencies: Marian Figuration in Middle English Literature." Her publications include "Shadows of the Law: Chaucer's Man of Law's Tale, Exemplarity and Narrativity" published in Medivalia (Volume 21.2, Spring 1997), and several entries in the forthcoming Chaucer Encyclopedia (Paul Ruggiers & Daniel J. Ransom, eds.; Norman, OK: Variorum Chaucer). Currently she also has a book manuscript in circulation. At JSU she enjoys teaching classes on Chaucer, Middle English Romance, feminism, and critical theory, and has recently become more and more interested new teaching technologies and their use in the study of humanities. For instance, she has put together a Middle English Pronunciation Guidelines page, complete with sample sound files, at . At present, her research focuses on medieval women's medicine. A. COMPTON REEVES holds a Ph.D. from Emory University. He is the author of Newport Lordship, 1317-1536; Lancastrian Englishmen; Purveyors and Purveyance for the Lancastrian and Yorkist Kings; The Marcher Lords; and Pleasures and Pastimes in Medieval England. He is the editor of The Wyclyf Tradition by the late Vaclav Mudroch. Reeves has also published a number of articles on late- medieval England and the medieval March of Wales. Reeves is a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, and a member of several historical societies, including the Medieval Academy of America, the Canterbury and York Society, the Ecclesiastical History Society, and the American Historical Association. He is also the Chairman of the American Branch of the Richard III Society. Dr. Reeves is Professor of History at Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, and is the editor of the Late Medieval England segment of ORB. DANA LYNN SAMPLE received her Ph.D. in medieval history from the City University of New York on May 31, 1996. The title of her dissertation, supervised by Dr. Elizabeth A. R. Brown, is "The Case of Robert of Artois (1309-1337)." Currently she is employed as an assistant professor of history at Hampton University in Hampton, Virginia. As a new Ph.D., Dr. Sample is in the process of revising her dissertation for publication. She has presented three papers at regional conferences and is preparing a paper to be presented at the annual meeting of the Medieval Academy of America at the University of Toronto in April 1997. The paper, "The Punishment of Forgers in Fourteenth Century France: the Case of Robert of Artois," is to be read in a session entitled "Forgeries and Fakes." Dr. Sample's research period is the era of the early Hundred Years War, specifically France during the reign of Philip VI. Her current research topic is Robert of Artois (1284-1342) and his legal troubles during the 1330s and how these influenced Philip VI's policies in both domestic and foreign affairs in the years prior to the outbreak of the so-called Hundred Years War. She serves as editor of our section on Late Medieval France. WARREN SANDERSON is professor of the History of Art and Architecture at Concordia University, Montreal. His Ph.D is from the Institute of Fine Arts of NYU. He has published numerous books (Die Mittelalterlichen Krypten von St. Maximin in Trier; Monastic Reform in Lorraine and the Architecture of the Outer Crypt 950-1100; and his latest, Early Christian Buildings 300-600: A Graphic Introduction), articles and reviews on medieval art and architecture. His other books include The International Handbook of Contemporary Developments in Architecture, and his articles range from Renaissance art to contemporary art and architecture He is presently finishing a book entitled Carolingian, Ottonian and Romanesque Buildings, 760-1130: A Graphic Introduction. He acts as Art and Architecture Editor for ORB. CAROLYN P. SCHRIBER is associate professor of history at Rhodes College in Memphis, Tennessee. She holds a PH.D. in history from the University of Colorado (1988). In addition to several journal articles, her publications include The Dilemma of Arnulf of Lisieux (Indiana, 1990) and The Letter Collections of Arnulf of Lisieux (Edwin Mellen Press, 1997). Her research interests extend from twelfth-century Normandy to the fifteenth century and the role of Pierre Cauchon during and after the trial of Joan of Arc. She is the current editor of ORB. CHRISTOPHER A. SNYDER, Acting Chair of the Department of History and Politics at Marymount University in Arlington, Virginia, is the section editor for Sub-Roman Britain and the Medieval Celtic Fringe. He received his Ph.D. in Medieval History from Emory University in 1994 and was a Visiting Assistant Professor at both Emory and the College of William and Mary before coming to Marymount. His research fields are the history and archaeology of sub-Roman Britain (AD 400-600), the culture of the medieval "Celtic fringe," and medieval Arthurian literature. His publications include Sub-Roman Britain (AD 400-600): A Gazetteer of Sites (Oxford, 1996), and An Age of Tyrants: Britain and the Britons, AD 400-600 (Penn State, 1998). Chris serves on the Editorial Boards of History Reviews On-Line and The Heroic Age, and is a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.

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