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| DATE | The Economic Environment - General Background | Bibliography | |
| **/**/** | 1 Population Growth and Decline | Bibliography | |
| a) Population growth 1200-1300 - the evidence. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Population decline 1300-1400 - the evidence. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Consequences of population growth. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Historical debate on medieval demography. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 2 Plague and Famine | Bibliography | |
| a) The famines of early C14th | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Nature and aeteology of the plagues. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) General consequences of the plagues. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Historical debates on the plagues. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 3 The Reaction of the Nobility | Bibliography | |
| a) In England. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) In France. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) In Germany and Eastern Europe. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) In Italy. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 4. The Effects on the Peasantry | Bibliography | |
| a) In England. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) In France. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) In Germany and Eastern Europe. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) In Italy. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | The Development of the Towns | ||
| **/**/** | 5. Borough Origins | Bibliography | |
| a) On Roman sites. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Ecclesiastical centres | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Military centres. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Administrative centres. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 6. The Towns and Trade | Bibliography | |
| a) Itinerant merchants and pedlars. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Shops. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Harbours and entrepots. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) European Trade routes. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 7. Markets and Fairs | Bibliography | |
| a) Saints' Days and Festivals. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Local Markets. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Regional Fairs. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) International Fairs. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 8. Urban Society | Bibliography | |
| a) The Patriciate. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) The Middle Classes. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) The Urban Proletariate. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Italy - a special case ? | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 9. Urban Government | Bibliography | |
| a) The Aldermanic system | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) The role of the patriciate. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Influence of local nobility. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Relations with kings and princes. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 10. The Guilds | Bibliography | |
| a) Merchant Guilds - Composition and Function. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Craft Guilds - Composition and Function. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) The Guilds in English towns. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) The Guilds in Italian towns. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 11. The Towns in the Later Middle Ages | Bibliography | |
| a) The reaction to the plagues. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Economic reorientation. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Changes in urban oligarchies - the novi cives. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Urban unrest. Compare Flanders and Florence. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | Trade: Northern Europe | ||
| **/**/** | 12. Commodities and Markets | Bibliography | |
| a) Luxury goods - sources and traders. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Staple goods - sources and traders. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Manufactured goods. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Diversification of Merchandise. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 13. Germany: The Origins of the Hansa | Bibliography | |
| a) The Origins of the Hansa. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Organisation of the Hanseatic League. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Trading methods of the Hansa. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) The Hansa as a political force. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 14. The Hansa in the Later Middle Ages | Bibliography | |
| a) English Competition. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Dutch Competition. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) The Cologne Crisis. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Why did the confederation break up. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 15. England: The Wool Trade. | Bibliography | |
| a) Location and character of the Wool Growers. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) The Estate of Merchants. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) The Staple system. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Balducci Pegolotti. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 16. England: Miscellaneous Trade | Bibliography | |
| a) English Customs systems from John to Edward III. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) The fur trade. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) The salt trade. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) France: The Gascon Wine Trade | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 17. The Low Countries | Bibliography | |
| a) The Flemish weaving towns. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) The harbour of Bruges. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) The Rise of Antwerp. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | Trade: Southern Europe | ||
| **/**/** | 18. General Characteristics | Bibliography | |
| a) Relations with the Levant. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Relations with Byzantium. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Geopolitical relations of Italian cities. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) The influence of the Papacy. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 19. Florence | Bibliography | |
| a) Cloth Production. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Banking. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Method of government. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Commercial policies. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 20. Venice | Bibliography | |
| a) Nature of Venetian commerce. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) The role of the Arsenal. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Method of Government. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Commercial policies. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 21 Genoa | Bibliography | |
| a) Nature of Genoese commerce. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Organisation of Genoese shipping. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Method of Government. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Commercial policies. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 22 Western Europe and the Outside World | Bibliography | |
| a) European traders in Asia. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Marco Polo. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) The exploration of Africa. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) The Atlantic horizon. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | Banking, Finance and Coinage | ||
| **/**/** | 23. General Background | Bibliography | |
| a) Problems of financing long distance trade | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) The Commercial Revolution of the Thirteenth Century. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Why did Italy lead in Banking ? | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 24. The Italian Bankers | Bibliography | |
| a) Banking, wool and Papal Taxes. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Italian Bankers in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Century | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) The Medici Bank - why was it different. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) The Northern Competitors - Bruges, Augsburg and the Fuggers | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 25. Finance and Credit | Bibliography | |
| a) The role of the Jews. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Letters of Credit. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Bills of Exchange. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Dry Loans and Sea Loans. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 26. Coinage | Bibliography | |
| a) Dehoarding and the rise of a money economy. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) The silver supply. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) The return to gold. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Problems of currency depreciation in the later Middle Ages | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | Industrial Developments | ||
| **/**/** | 27. General | Bibliography | |
| a) Geographical location of medieval industries. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Sources of Power. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Types of manufactured goods. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Technological innovation. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 28. Mining and Metallurgy | Bibliography | |
| a) Mining for precious metals - what and where. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) Mining for industrial minerals - what and where | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) Methods of refining - furnaces. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Uses of refined materials. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 29. Building | Bibliography | |
| a) Who were the builders. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) What kinds of buildings. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) What materials were used. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) Materials - quarrying of stone, and silviculture. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 30. Textiles | Bibliography | |
| a) Where were the principal textile centres. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) How and where was woollen cloth produced. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) What techniques were used for quality cloth. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) How much technology was applied. | Read Report | ******** | |
| **/**/** | 31. Ships and Shipping | Bibliography | |
| a) The Viking Knarr. | Read Report | ******** | |
| b) The Celtic Cog. | Read Report | ******** | |
| c) The Mediterranean Nef and Galley. | Read Report | ******** | |
| d) The International Carrack. | Read Report | ******** |